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European Journal of Applied Sciences – Vol. 9, No. 5
Publication Date: October 25, 2021
DOI:10.14738/aivp.95.10812. Gršić, J. Z., Filipović, K. G., Jurečić, D., & Žiljak, V. (2021). INFRAREDESIGN® as a Way of Individualizing and Protecting the Textile and
High Fashion Design. European Journal of Applied Sciences, 9(5). 110-117.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
INFRAREDESIGN® as a Way of Individualizing and Protecting the
Textile and High Fashion Design
Jana Žiljak Gršić
Zagreb University of Applied Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia
Korana Gajski Filipović
ARS Tempesta, Zagreb, Croatia
Denis Jurečić
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphics Arts, Zagreb, Croatia
Vilko Žiljak
Croatian Academy of Engineering, Zagreb, Croatia
ABSTRACT
Textile dyeing today includes the observation and creation of graphics, pictures and
drawings for two light spectra: visible and near-infrared. In our work, we have
developed systems of twin colorants - colors which are the same in the visible
spectrum and different in the NIR region. Measurements of light absorbance at 1000
nm (Z) were introduced, since at this wavelength many cameras recognize the
intensity of the reflection of daytime sunlight. The planned dyeing of unique
clothing that gives extremely different information in the VIS (V) and NIR (Z)
spectrum is proposed. In this work, the embedding of a unique hand drawing for the
NIR spectrum into a complex computer graphic for the visible spectrum is
demonstrated. Dyeing is done with colorants in conventional inkjet printing by
producing the planned graphic form Z in the NIR spectrum, invisible to the naked
eye. The final product is individualized in its form and protected; it can be detected
and its two different states recognized only with dual ZRGB cameras.
Keywords: textile dyeing, INFRAREDESIGN, hidden image, dye twins.
INTRODUCTION
The work in the paper includes the light region from 400 to 750 nm as the visible zone and from
750 to 1000 nm as Z, a part of the Near InfraRed - NIR spectrum [1]. INFRAREDESIGN® - IRD
procedures is developed as the innovation of the duality of a painting, graphic or technical
drawing. The V and Z light regions are defined as the combination of V graphics and Z drawings.
Different process printing colorants for digital printing in the VZ region were studied [2].
Spectrograms for different values of coverage were determined for them. IRD is most often
applied in security graphics, for which algorithms and original programs in PostScript code are
published [3, 4]. The mathematical models are the result of the experimental determination of
colorant components for “twin colorants” [5]. For a series of twin colorants, the recipes for
process colorants with a 40% coverage with the carbon black colorant are determined. The
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Gršić, J. Z., Filipović, K. G., Jurečić, D., & Žiljak, V. (2021). INFRAREDESIGN® as a Way of Individualizing and Protecting the Textile and High Fashion
Design. European Journal of Applied Sciences, 9(5). 110-117.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/aivp.95.10812
results are united in regression equations: the dependance of colorant coverage in the NIR
spectrum on the values of color parameters in the visual system of colors [6, 7].
Algorithms planned for applying IRD technology on different materials and corresponding
printing methods [8, 9, 10] (toner printing, offset printing, screen printing) were developed.
We are surrounded by many different “night cameras” installed in streets [11], public
institutions, restaurants, homes and banks, where money detectors are used. Cameras today
have multiple functions and are adjusted to register the NIR spectrum in daytime sunlight [12].
These cameras reveal hidden information intentionally or accidentally dyed onto clothes.
Figure 1. Drawing of Korana GF; Insect for hiding in computer graphics
Clothes dyeing with ink-jet algorithm
This paper proposes the introduction of IRD into the design of textile products. Two images are
combined according to IRD procedures, algorithms, in order to verify the authenticity of the
textile product. Printing was done with the HP5000 inkjet plotter.
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European Journal of Applied Sciences (EJAS) Vol. 9, Issue 5, October-2021
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Figure 2a, 2b. Two states of the dress, photographed with an RGB (V) camera and as IR
reflectography photographed with a Z camera with a filter at 1000 nm [13, 14]
In this paper, image V is a computer graphic, and image Z is a drawing of an insect. Twin colors
and colorants were determined for printing with an inkjet plotter. Twin colorants are identical
colors with a different response in the NIR spectrum. Pairs of colorants with the value DE<3
were accepted. Eight recipes (Table 1) for twins for process colorants used to reproduce
computer graphics within which drawings of insects are embedded are given.
Table 1.
C,M,Y %
K=0% L*a*b C,M,Y, %
K=40%
C,M,Y %,
K=20%
53, 98, 73 25, 56, 9 25, 77, 35 40, 89, 56 1
70, 46, 99 45,-25,43 47, 7, 64 60, 29, 83 2
40, 50, 40 57, 14, 6 15, 22, 1 29, 37, 22 3
40, 40, 40 62, 5,7 16, 9, 1 29, 26, 25 4
40, 80, 40 42, 44, 0 13, 59, 0 27, 71, 22 5
85, 45, 55 42, -23, -8 67, 7, 18 80, 28, 38 6
40, 90, 85 35, 50, 31 10, 69, 48 26, 80, 68 7
70, 85, 40 26, 23, 12 47, 60, 0 60, 74, 22 8
Two Artists in One Dual Image
Painting dual images has become quotidian since artists realized they do not require special
colors or brushes, but only the knowledge that the same colors on the same surface offer