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European Journal of Applied Sciences – Vol. 11, No. 4
Publication Date: August 25, 2023
DOI:10.14738/aivp.114.15143
Bank, M. (2023). Electric Power Systems. European Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol - 11(4). 26-29.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Electric Power Systems
Bank, M.
Jerusalem College of Technology
THREE PHASE ELECTRICITY
Fig. 1. Dolivo-Dobrovolsky Mikhail Osipovich (12/21/1861, St. Petersburg, RI - 11/15/1919,
Heidelberg, Germany) - electrical engineer, developer of three-phase current technology.
The invention of Dolivo-Dobrovolsky laid the foundation for the widespread introduction of the
three-phase method in the world.
The three-phase method has a number of advantages. One of them is that the sum of three
currents with different phases by 120 degrees is zero. So, three currents next to each other do
not radiate energy.
But this method also has disadvantages. For example, there are the following.
For the entire length of the three-phase line, it is necessary to maintain 120 degrees of phase
difference between the currents in the wires.
• The distances between the wires must be the same throughout the entire length, so it is
difficult to build a three-phase line in real conditions.
• These wires are very expensive.
• Easily damaged, so frequent interruptions in work are possible
Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky - Wikipedia
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Bank, M. (2023). Electric Power Systems. European Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol - 11(4). 26-29.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/aivp.114.15143
• There are many problems when part of the energy needs to be taken in a non-three- phase form.
• Wires can be rich in calcium. Therefore, temperatures can rise on large surfaces.
• The complexity of creating a three-phase system on rough terrain.
• For the entire length of the three-phase line, it is necessary to maintain 120 degrees of
phase difference between the currents in the wires.
First Electrical Tram
St. Petersburg [7] - Please where not only three-phase networks are being built, but also the
first tram. It was exposed by an engineer.
Fig. 2. Paritsky (from Kyiv)- Today, the 600 V AC tram network uses rails for zeroing the
potential (Nullifier [5])
ONE WIRE WORLD
One-Wire System
Here a new power transmission scheme based on the single-wire method is proposed.
The author got lot objections. For example, an electrical circuit must be closed. But in any book
on the study of power supply systems, you can read that active energy does not return from the
load to the source. If so, why do we use two wires Instead of one?
One wire system has serial advantages.
• It's much cheaper (In an electrical system, the most expensive part is the wires).
• Does not take up large areas.
• Significantly reduce power outages.
• Does not heat the ground.
• It has electronic synchronization of windmills, which dramatically increases their
efficiency.
On fig. 3 shows the results of modeling two-wire and single-wire systems.
With a single-wire system, the current in the common wire will be twice as much, so the wire
resistance should be half as much.
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Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom 28
European Journal of Applied Sciences (EJAS) Vol. 11, Issue 4, August-2023
Bank M. System for charging electrically drive vehicles with a single line for transmitting
electric current from a source to a charging station. U.S. Patent No. 10,250,061.
Fig. 3 Two wires and one wire systems simulations results.
This method makes it possible to build more economical electric transport in the city. In these
cases, do not necessary using rails for a current transmitting.
One wire method allows transmitting for electrical transport energy using one underground
wire only [9] without rails.
The author sincerely thanks Dr. V. Tsingauz for running the simulations and preparing the
drawings.
Bank, M. 2012. “New One-Way Line for Electric Transmission System.” Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
6: 1320-7.
Bank, M. 2021. “Future Power Transmission System.” IJNIET 17 (1): 36-7. http://www.ijniet.org/wp- content/uploads/2021/07/6.pdf.
Bank, M., and Tsingauz, V. 2021. “One Wire Is Always Better.” Engineering 13: 300-5.
https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=110110.
Bank, M. 2021. “Future Power Transmission System.” IJNIET 17 (1): http://www.ijniet.org/wp- content/uploads/2021/07/6.pdf.of Energy and Power Engineering 14: 33-7. https://doi.org/10.17265/1934-
8975/2020.01.004.
Bank, M. 2020. “Zeroing Instead of Grounding.” Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 14:
Bank, M. 2023 It is quite Another Electricity, second Addition. Partridge
Bank, M. 2023 Intelligence and City. Partridge