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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol. 9, No. 12
Publication Date: December 25, 2022
DOI:10.14738/assrj.912.13567. Setiawan, D., Madhakomala, & Cahyana, U. (2022). Quality of Student Officers and the Functional Use of Assessment of the
Effectiveness of Military Capabilities (School Studies Staff and Command of the Indonesian Navy/ Seskoal Jakarta). Advances in
Social Sciences Research Journal, 9(12). 23-34.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Quality of Student Officers and the Functional Use of Assessment
of the Effectiveness of Military Capabilities (School Studies Staff
and Command of the Indonesian Navy/ Seskoal Jakarta)
Daniel Setiawan
Sekolah Staf dan Komando Angkatan LautJakarta
Madhakomala
Manajemen Pendidikan Pascasarjana Universitas
Negeri Jakarta Indonesia
Ucu Cahyana
Manajemen Pendidikan Pascasarjana Universitas
Negeri Jakarta Indonesia
ABSTRACT
This study aims in general to create a model for increasing the Effectiveness Military
Capability of Student Officers (Pasis) as a result of Seskoal education. This study
uses an influence research approach (ex-post facto) with a survey method
(questionnaire/questionnaire distribution). The research site will be carried out by
the Navy Command and Staff School (Seskoal), which is the Highest General
Development Education Institute in the Navy. The time of the research starts from
June 2021 to July 2022. The population in this research is students or Student
Officers Classes 2016 to 2021 with a total of 750 people. This study uses a simple
random sampling technique and the number of samples used is 260 people. The
results show that the Quality of Student Officers has a direct positive effect on the
Effectiveness of Military Capability. Student Officers will cause a decrease in
Military Ability Effectiveness. The Functional Usefulness of the Assessment has a
direct positive effect on the Effectiveness of Military Capability, this can be
interpreted as the better the Functional Usefulness of the Assessment will lead to
an increase in the Effectiveness of the Military Ability and vice versa, the worse the
Functional Usefulness of the Assessment will lead to a decrease in the Effectiveness
of the Military Capability. Functional Usefulness of Assessment has a positive
indirect effect on the Effectiveness of Military Capability through the Quality of
Student Officers.
INTRODUCTION
There is still a debate about the effectiveness of both potential and real capabilities, especially
in the vocational education environment that manages human resources in the TNI Angkatan
Laut (Indonesian Navy). So, this research was conducted to see the effectiveness of the Pasis
military capability and to provide input to increase the expected results of the Pasis. They are
always ready to be placed as staff and commandos within the TNI/TNI AL. Researchers took
the object of research at Seskoal because Seskoal is the highest Vocational School owned by the
TNI AL, which is required to produce Navy officers who can carry out War Military Operations
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Setiawan, D., Madhakomala, & Cahyana, U. (2022). Quality of Student Officers and the Functional Use of Assessment of the Effectiveness of Military
Capabilities (School Studies Staff and Command of the Indonesian Navy/ Seskoal Jakarta). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 9(12). 23-
34.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.912.13567
(OMP) and Military Operations Other Than War (OMSP). Moreover, it can anticipate every
dynamic of the strategic environment related to the threat to the sovereignty of the State,
especially in the sea.
The research group focuses on three variables that affect and relate to Student Officer Students
(Pasis). The selected variables are the Quality of Students Officer (QSO) and the Functional
Value Assessment (FVA), which are suspected to be able to inhibit or support the Quality of
Students Officer/QSO on the Effectiveness of Military Capability (EMC). This study tries to
explain the influence of the Quality of Students Officer and the Functional Value Assessment
with the object of Pasis research as the result of Seskoal education. This research aims to create
a strategic model for increasing the Effectiveness of Military capabilities of Student Officers
(Pasis) due to Seskoal students being ready to carry out the duties of The Indonesian Navy and
the specific purpose of increasing the Effectiveness of Military Capability.
Functional Value Assessment (FVA) in this study is defined as the practical use of the
assessment felt by students in the learning process at Seskoal. Which will affect their motivation
and the quality of Pasis individually and, at the same time, affect the effectiveness of achieving
his abilities in the military field. This functional value assessment variable is taken from
assessment theory, Maclean (Maclean et al., 2018), Singh (Singh, 2015), and Drummer
(Drummer et al., 2018). The theory is a derivative of the concept of education (education-based
theory) introduced by Fraenkel and Walen (Fraenkel, J.R. & Wallen, 1993), Gall (Gall, M.D., Gall,
J.P. & Borg, 2003). which was then integrated with educational policy theory, Windham
(Windham, 1988), and curriculum theory, Beauchamp, George, in MacCuish, (MacCuish, 1989).
At the same time, value refers to the process of achieving goals through the concept of goal
setting theory developed by Locke and Latham (Locke & Latham, 2002), which is then
integrated with Lunenburg's theory of behavior and motivation (Lunenburg, 2011).
Furthermore, it contributes to the performance and abilities of Seskoal students (Jason, A.
Colquitt, J. LePine, 2015).
The involvement of students' self-quality as an intermediary variable from functional value
assessment to the effectiveness of military capabilities is based on the theory introduced by
Bucur Hari-Marcu, et al., 2009 and strengthened by Wang's research (Wang & Wang, 2012),
where quality is built from breakthrough innovations. In the form of knowledge sharing that
directly affects the performance of high-tech companies in Jiangsu Province, China. Another
researcher agrees with Nguyen (Nguyen et al., 2018), where sustainable quality offers several
important insights into the efficient allocation of resources to achieve goals.
Very few research designs involve and test the Effectiveness Military Capability/EMC variable
in vocational education research in the military. According to Bucur-Marcu, (Marcu et al., 2009),
EMC is a function of one determinant, namely the quality of individuals who will be prepared
to meet the demands of The Indonesian Navy's duties in order to uphold state sovereignty. This
study tries to present a different concept, namely by combining the Manpower Planning theory
of Bucur-Marcu, (Marcu et al., 2009) with education-based theory (Fraenkel, J.R. & Wallen,
1993); (Gall, M.D., Gall, J.P. & Borg, 2003) and their derivatives and goal-setting theory
(Lunenburg, 2011) and their derivatives.
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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal (ASSRJ) Vol. 9, Issue 12, December-2022
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Seeing the importance of the assessment (assessment) made by Seskoal in measuring academic
level, equality, and personality, it is hoped that motivation and personal qualities as TNI/TNI
AL soldiers will always be maintained. Based on the results of the empirical study of exploring
theories, the framework of thought that has been formulated previously, 3 hypotheses are
proposed as follows:
H1: Quality of Students Officer affects Effectiveness Military Capability
H2: Functional Value Assessment affects Effectiveness Military Capability.
H3: Functional Value Assessment affects the Effectiveness of Military Capabilities through the
Quality of Students Officer.
RESEARCH METHODS
This research uses an approach to influence research with a survey method (spread
questionnaire/questionnaire)—Ex post facto research researches the connection between
unreasonable causes manipulated or not given treatment by researchers. Cause and effect
research is carried out on programs, activities, or events that have been in progress or have
happened. There is a relationship between cause and effect based on a study theoretically that
something variable caused or motivated by variable certain or result in variable certain.
Quantitative research leaves expert ideas, framework theory, or understanding researcher
based on experience, then things the developed Becomes problems posed to obtain justification
or denial in form empirical data document field.
This research is associative asymmetric, where is the relationship between the one variable
that occurs effects ( independent ) others ( dependent ) (Sappaile, 2010). This research will test
two free variables (X) Quality of Students Officer and Functional Value Assessment, and
variable bound (Y), that is Effectiveness Military Capability.
The place study will conduct School the Indonesian Navy Staff and Command (Seskoal) is the
Highest General Development Education Institute in The Indonesian Navy. The Research
Subject is the Quality of Student Officers (QSO) and Benefits Functional Assessment (FVA).
Research time started June 2021 to July 2022.
The population is a general area consisting of objects or subjects with certain numbers and
characteristics that have been identified by researchers to be studied and then drawn
conclusions (Sugiyono, 2002). The population in this research is students or Student Officers
Classes 2016 to 2021 with a total of 750 people. This study uses a simple random sampling
technique; that is, each member of the population has the same opportunity to become the
object of research. This technique is carried out randomly regardless of the strata in the
population. That is done because the population sample is considered homogeneous. This
sampling was based on the consideration that the respondent had the same characteristics as
the research object, namely the Strata Intermediate Officer with the rank of Major and
Lieutenant Colonel. Using the formula from Slovin, d = 0.05, the number of samples taken from
the Pasis population still in school at Seskoal (Class of 2016 to 2021) is 260 Student Officers.
This research data uses primary and secondary data that have been collected previously.
Primary data is related to the problem of the object of research, which is obtained directly from
respondents in the context of the effectiveness of military capabilities, the quality of student
officers, and the usefulness of functional assessments. Primary data was obtained by