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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol. 10, No. 6
Publication Date: June 25, 2023
DOI:10.14738/assrj.106.14837.
Wang, C., Jia, T., & Sun, L. (2023). Research on Chemistry Teaching Skills in Middle School Under Micro-Teaching Environment.
Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 10(6). 281-289.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Research on Chemistry Teaching Skills in Middle School Under
Micro-Teaching Environment
Chenyu Wang
College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
Tianmeng Jia
College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
Lin Sun
College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
ABSTRACT
Teaching skills are the foundation of teacher’s ability, and normal students, as the
reserve army of future teachers, should train teaching skills consciously in their
daily life. As a modern teaching technique widely used in training normal students,
micro-teaching is of great significance to explore the cultivation of teaching skills.
It should be widely introduced into the training of normal university students.
However, there are relatively few researches on teaching skills in micro-teaching of
chemistry at present, so we devote to studying the key skills that normal students
should master in micro-teaching and the training methods of chemistry teaching
skills under micro-teaching environment.This paper will use the practical cases in
Chinese middle school chemistry teaching to help normal university students
majoring in chemistry to master four key teaching skills: import skills, questioning
skills , blackboard writing skills and reinforcement skills, so as to help them achieve
the ideal teaching effect.
Keywords: Micro-teaching, Normal students, Teaching skills training, Middle school,
chemistry
INTRODUCTION
Attaching great importance to the improvement of teachers' skills and qualities, strengthening
the construction of teachers are the foundation to consolidate education. Normal students are
the main force of teachers, and colleges, universities bear the key responsibility of training
normal students. In the past, most colleges and universities in China only set up theoretical
basic teaching courses when teaching normal courses, and rarely trained individual teaching
skills. In actual teaching, they even gave no mention. Since this problem began to attract wide
attention, many colleges and universities began to seek solutions to the problem, and finally
shifted the carrier of normal students' teaching skills training to micro-teaching.
At present, micro-teaching training mode has been favored by many Chinese universities, and
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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal (ASSRJ) Vol. 10, Issue 6, June-2023
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
has been applied to cultivate and train the teaching skills of normal students. Although micro- teaching has not been formally used for a long time in China, remarkable results have been
achieved in its current use [1].
However, when most Chinese scholars’ study micro-teaching, their main research direction is
theoretical research, that is, how micro-teaching affects normal students and how to evaluate
micro-teaching skills. In addition, the research literature on micro-teaching of corresponding
disciplines mainly focuses on mathematics, English, biology and other disciplines, while the
research on chemistry is relatively few. Therefore, this study is expected to bring enlightenment
to the micro-teaching of chemistry.
CORE CONCEPTS DEFINITION
Micro-Teaching
Micro-teaching is the most extensive translation in China [2]. "Micro-teaching" reflects not only
the "short" in the sense of time, but also the "less" in the concept of space, that is, the length of
teaching time and the relatively small teaching capacity. The "lattice" in chemistry micro- teaching can be interpreted as norms, and there should be norms for different and various
teaching skills [3]
. Besides, it can also be called "miniature teaching", "small teaching".
micro-teaching is actually a teaching method that provides a special practice environment,
simplifies the daily complex classroom teaching (only for a small number of students, the time
is cost about 5-20 minutes) and helps the practitioners to obtain effective feedback information
and videotape the teaching process. Its notable features include miniaturization of subject
training, standardization of skill movements, audio-visual recording process, and timely
observation and evaluation [4], which eliminates the influence of the pressure of facing a large
number of students on teachers. It can also save lecture time and classroom capacity. It is vivid
and intuitive, so that the people can know themselves vividly like looking in a mirror. In such
cases, it is often easier for normal students to master teaching skills.
micro-teaching originated in the United States in the 1960s and was welcomed by many schools
and teachers around the world as soon as it appeared. After the United States, many European
countries have also introduced this teaching model. micro-teaching was introduced relatively
late in China, in the mid-1980s, and gradually put into use [5]. When micro-teaching was first
introduced in China, it was mainly used to train in-service teachers, and then gradually used to
train normal students through continuous experiments.
Teaching Skills
Skills refer to the consolidated and automated activities acquired through practice, which
extends to the concept of teaching skills that teachers use the existing teaching theoretical
knowledge to form a stable and complex teaching behavior system through practice.
More specifically, the definition of teaching skills widely recognized in our country currently
refers to a series of behaviors taken by teachers in different educational situations to achieve
certain goals and goals based on teaching theories, professional knowledge and experience [6].
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Wang, C., Jia, T., & Sun, L. (2023). Research on Chemistry Teaching Skills in Middle School Under Micro-Teaching Environment. Advances in Social
Sciences Research Journal, 10(6). 281-289.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.106.14837
TYPES AND REPRESENTATION OF MICRO-TEACHING SKILLS
The contents of micro-teaching skills are very rich, which can be subdivided into skills of
import, skills of questioning, skills of change, skills of reinforcement, skills of blackboard
writing, skills of language, skills of experiment demonstration, skills of classroom regulation,
skills of multimedia teaching, skills of closure, skills of explanation, skills of organization, skills
of trial and error, skills of present a teaching plan, skills of information-based teaching, etc [7].
Due to the limitation of the length of this paper, we only focus on four key teaching skills,
namely, import skills, question-asking skills, blackboard writing skills and reinforcement skills,
and discusses their application and matters requiring attention in modern middle school
chemistry teaching.
Import Skills
Import skills is to bring students into a specific situation with a purpose and arouse their
interest and attention to the course, so it is also known as directed introduction [8]. In
chemistry teaching, the key methods of mastering Import skills include:
Straight to the Point:
For example, in the "law of Conservation of mass", in the beginning of the class on the
appropriate to remind students that this content occupy a large proportion of the ordinary high
school entrance examination in the past years, and it is the basis of a lot of chemical calculation
that will be learned in the future, so student should make a solid foundation through the study
of this part.
Question:
Such as the subject of "molecules and atoms", what chemical principle is implied by the ancient
proverb "Wine fragrance does not fear lane depth? "To introduce a new lesson.
Contact with the Actual Life:
For example, in the study of "Ethylene", first let the students think about the reagents and
phenomena used to ripeness bananas, in order to contact the content of the new course into the
new course.
Use an Experiment as a Beginning:
For example, in "Chemical Properties of Metals", the bright iron wire after rust removal is first
put into copper sulfate solution and taken out after waiting for a period of time. A layer of
purple-red substance is observed on the surface of the iron wire. Students will be interested in
this phenomenon, which will further arouse their interest in the following new lessons.
Review Old Knowledge to Gain New Insights:
For example, when learning "Factors Affecting Chemical Balance", students can first recall
factors affecting chemical rate, undertake the learning of new knowledge in analogy and
analysis, and associate old knowledge.
Questioning Skills
Socrates' most famous theory, which called “midwife technique", is the earliest questioning
teaching method [9], and psychologist Rigg is the most representative figure in questioning at
present [10]. Rigg believes that "questioning is any narrative sentence that tries to elicit a verbal