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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol. 10, No. 6.2
Publication Date: June 25, 2023
DOI:10.14738/assrj.106.2.15008.
Cheng, S. O. & Azhar, N. A. Z. M. (2023). The Sharing Economy: Personal Norm and Awareness to Participate in Collaborative
Consumption. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 10(6.2). 320-329.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
The Sharing Economy: Personal Norm and Awareness to
Participate in Collaborative Consumption
Chuah Soo Cheng
Department of Economics and Financial Studies,
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi
MARA, Puncak Alam Campus 42300 Selangor, Malaysia
Nur Azirah Zahida Mohamad Azhar
Corresponding Author
azirahazhar@uitm.edu.my
Department of Economics and Financial Studies,
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi
MARA, Puncak Alam Campus 42300 Selangor, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
The emergence of sharing economy give rise to the popularity of collaborative
consumption, which is known as events in which people consume items or services
in joint activities with others. It being said that personal norms act as a major
component in examining consumer intentions. The personal norms are based on
individual values and motivation to protect them with appropriate behaviour. On
the other hand, awareness of collaborative consumption found to have an impact
on personal norm, thus influence the collaborative consumption. This study
conducted a self-administrated survey to collect data from respondents in Klang
Valley through purposive and convenience sampling methods. A total of 825
respondents were collected through the internet. Analysis method of Structural
equation modelling-partial least squares estimation was applied to analyse the data
in the study using SmartPLS version 3.3.9 software. The analysis of SEM-PLS
comprises the measurement model on convergent validity analysis including factor
loadings, average variance extracted (AVE), and composite reliability (CR). The
findings revealed that awareness and responsibility of collaborative consumption
have significant effect on personal norm. This indicates that consumers’ cognitive
appraisal of potential consequences and accountability has significant influence on
their pro-environmental behaviour. Furthermore, the findings showed a positive
significant of personal norm and awareness of CC on collaborative consumption
participation, indicating that collaborative consumption participation intention is
due to a perceived obligation towards the societal and ecological surroundings.
Keywords: Collaborative Consumption, Personal Norm, SEM-PLS
INTRODUCTION
Collaborative consumption is a rising consumption pattern with the emergence of information
technology and social networks and a concept that started to gain popularity with the
emergence of sharing economy. It is a new consumption pattern that people exchange access
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Cheng, S. O. & Azhar, N. A. Z. M. (2023). The Sharing Economy: Personal Norm and Awareness to Participate in Collaborative Consumption. Advances
in Social Sciences Research Journal, 10(6.2). 320-329.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.106.2.15008
to products and services through a technological platform in the sharing economy [17].
Collaborative consumption also known as events in which people consume items or services in
joint activities with others, such as renting, lending, and sharing, ultimately fostering the
community, which the situation is through commercial implications [7].
Thus, collaborative consumption has led to a shift in business and economic systems towards a
new model that emphasizes shared access over individual ownership. This approach is based
on a triadic framework that involves three key actors: sellers or service providers, buyers, and
platform owners. Collaborative consumption is defined as a kind of consumption pattern that
consumers access, give, and share the right to use the same units of goods or services by
sharing, exchanging, bartering, trading, and leasing using the Internet and mobile Internet
platform to obtain monetary income or other compensation [18].
The development of collaborative consumption is known to foster a sense of community by
increasing interpersonal interactions, thereby providing social value [4] [5]. The practice of
collaborative consumption is known to promote resource conservation by motivating
individuals to share and repurpose their surplus or underutilized possessions [2]. This
approach aligns with the growing demand for sustainable living, which emphasizes the
importance of resource efficiency and collaborative consumption [16]. Thus, consumers pro- social behaviour paly important in affecting consumers participation in collaborative
consumption activities. The industry scale and market size of collaborative consumption are
developing so rapidly that it can no longer be ignored.
According to [1], personal norm refers to a person’s moral obligation, feeling of responsibility,
or degree of personal responsibility toward a certain behaviour. The personal norms are said
as a major component in examining consumer intentions. Those feelings could be developed
based on how consistent an individual’s behavior is with his/her personal norms. This
supported by argument made by [25] who stated that personal norms are based on individual
values and motivation to protect them with appropriate behaviour. Besides that, [14], [10] and
[27] stated that awareness of collaborative consumption found to have an impact on personal
norm, thus influence the collaborative consumption.
LITERATURE REVIEW
The implementation of extended theory of planned behaviour has been suggested by [22] to
examine the relative influence of consumers’ personal norms. In order to influence consumer’s
personal norms to collaborative consumption, practitioners should focus on consumers’
concern on others. On the other hand, [3] relate the Norm Activation Theory (NAT) and Value
Belief-Norm network (VBN) to the influencing personal norms on collaborative consumption.
According to [25], NAT established between the individual values and beliefs activating the pro- social and environmental norms, meanwhile the VBN theory is the extension of NAT. The VBN
theory mentioned that behaviours are mainly based on personal values nurturing the beliefs
that activate personal norms [15]. In other words, the set of personal values helps establish the
beliefs that initiate the norms promoting behaviours [19]. This is supported by [11] who stated
that values are essential interpreters of the individual personality directing personal norms and
behaviours.