Page 1 of 9
224
Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol.7, No.6
Publication Date: June 25, 2020
DOI:10.14738/assrj.76.8332.
Fadilah, M., Andrean, A., & Trinita, M. (2020) Modeling Of Stunting Prevelence Reduction In Toddlers By Securing Household Waste
(Based On The Health Belief Model Theory). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(6) 224-232.
Modeling Of Stunting Prevelence Reduction In Toddlers By
Securing Household Waste (Based On The Health Belief
Model Theory)
Mariatul Fadilah
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University, Kemuning Subdistrict,
Palembang South Sumatera, Indonesia.
Andy Andrean
Medical Doctor Professional Study Program, Faculty of Medicine,
Sriwijaya University, Sekip Jaya Village Office, Kemuning Subdistrict,
Palembang City, South Sumatera, Indonesia.
Melros Trinita
Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine,
Sriwijaya University, Sekip Jaya Village Office, Kemuning Subdistrict,
Palembang City, South Sumatera, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Stunting is a condition of nutritional deficiencies caused by insufficient
long-term nutritional intake. It is estimated that one in four children
under the age of five fails to grow along the optimal trajectory set in the
World Health Organization's Child Growth Standards. This study aims to
find a model of reducing the prevalence of stunting in children under
five in the city of Palembang through processing household waste. This
research was an analytic observational study through a quantitative
approach and cross-sectional study design. In this study, the population
is all mothers who have children under five (0-59 months) who check
the condition of their children in the working area of Palembang city
health center. Each increase in 1 unit of perception of seriousness
increases 0.074 units of Securing Household Waste Behavior (p value =
0.024) On the perception of benefits obtained every increase of 1 unit it
will increase 0.135 units of Securing household waste behavior (p value
= 0.001). Every increase of 1 unit of perception of eating problems will
decrease 0.067 units of Securing Household Waste Behavior (p value =
0.049). Cue unit to act increases 0.078 units of CTPS behavior (p value =
0.023) Every increase of 1 unit of ability / efficacy increases 0.518 units
of Securing household waste behavior (p value = 0.001). Each increase
of 1 unit of Securing Household Waste Behavior will decrease stunting
of 0.071 units (p-value = 0.039) From this study conclusions can be
drawn from the perception of vulnerability, perception of seriousness,
perceived usefulness, gestures to act, ability / self-efficacy has influence
uh positive about household waste management behavior, but the
Page 2 of 9
225
Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal (ASSRJ) Vol.7, Issue 6, June-2020
perception of obstacles has a negative influence on Securing household
waste. The most influential component of gesture for action is family
support.
Keywords: Stunting, Health Belief Model, Securing Household Waste.
INTRODUCTION
Stunting is due to nutritional deficiencies caused by insufficient nutritional intake.1 It is estimated
that one in four children under the age of five fails to grow along the optimal trajectory set in the
Standards Required by the World Health Organization Children's Children.2 Stunting is a
manifestation of the deficiency nutrition and is a significant health problem.3.4 Global predictions
show one in five children will be hampered by 2020.2
Research data from the Basic Health Research on nutritional status of short and very short toddlers
in Indonesia in 2018 shows the stunting rate is 30.8%, compared to 2013 which was 37.2% and in
2017 amounted to 36.8%, when there was a significant improvement. The nutritional status of short
and very short toddlers is lowest in Jakarta province with 17.7% and highest in East Nusa Tenggara
province with 42.6% .5
The incidence of full statistical stunting has affected 165 million children worldwide, 90% of whom
have managed to live in Africa and Asia. According to WHO, the estimated prevalence of stunting
among children aged 5-18 years in Africa in 2015 was 37% compared to the next highest prevalence
of 23% in Asia.2 The prevalence of children under the age of five causing stunting in Southeast Asia
is 29.4%, while in East Asia the prevalence of stunting was 14.4%, and West Asia was 20.9% .6
Stunting can provide poor health throughout a child's age, such as complications that require life
during labor, decreased performance and cognitive development, poorer school participation, and
reduced ability to improve adult abilities. Historically, research on stunting has to be done on food
intake, however, much evidence is needed about the important role of the environment and physical
health in children. The interaction between environment and nutrition presents interesting
dynamics, while the interaction of environmental factors and nutritional status can cause changes
in health status. An example is iron deficiency, which is triggered by increased lead, or parasitic
infections, which are associated with stunting.2
One of the environmental factors, such as cleanliness, both from the results of waste obtained from
the benefits used by human needs, can be interpreted as waste. Waste is considered as something
that has no benefit and has no value.7 The more the number of occupations in a place, the more
garbage is generated. Increasing the amount of waste produced by humans without being balanced
with good waste management will have a negative impact on the surrounding environment and will
cause health problems for the surrounding population.
Poor management of household waste tends to cause infection agents in the environment or an
increased risk of infection. Chronic infections can cause malnutrition, through increased calorie
requirements, tissue catabolism for energy, absorption of certain micronutrients, and reduced food
intake so that the incidence of stunting also increases. Incorrect management of waste such as
burning also carries the risk of air pollution which impacts on children's development. Pollution can
Page 3 of 9
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.76.8332 226
Fadilah, M., Andrean, A., & Trinita, M. (2020) Modeling Of Stunting Prevelence Reduction In Toddlers By Securing Household Waste (Based On The Health
Belief Model Theory). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(6) 224-232.
be in the form of proinflammatory cytokines that can interfere with hormones involved in the
regulation of growth hormone and bone growth plates.8,9 Other infections can be like diarrhea,
which as an indirect cause of stunting in children under five years, resulting in the same results in
child growth barriers. 10,11
Securing household waste is conducting waste management activities in the household by
prioritizing the principles of reducing, reusing, and recycling so as not to endanger public health
and the environment. This study aims to find a model of reducing the prevalence of stunting in
children under five in the city of Palembang through the processing of household waste.
METHOD
This research was an analytic observational study through a quantitative approach and cross- sectional study design. "In this study, the population is all mothers who have children under five (0-
59 months) who check the condition of their children in the working area of Palembang city health
center. "Sampling in this study uses consecutive sampling technique in which each respondent who
meets the inclusion criteria is included as a research subject until the minimum number of samples
is met within a certain period of time.
The inclusion criteria in this study are that respondents are willing to take part in the study,
respondents can communicate well. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria are children who have
physical and / or mental disabilities, children who have chronic diseases and / or congenital
diseases, children who have a history and / or are taking steroid drugs for a long time, children of
parents with parents short stature history. Analysis of the model for reducing the prevalence of
stunting of children under five in Palembang in terms of the Health Belief Model in the handwashing
with soap program using Path Analysis
RESULT
From this study the data obtained were 582 male subjects and 524 female subjects (1.106 people).
The largest population is at the age of 13-25 months (430 people). The population with vulnerable
age 0-12 months is 273 people and vulnerable age 36-60 months is 403 people. In this study found
198 children who were stunted (17.9%). Research subjects with good Securing household waste
behavior were 864 people, enough behavior was 206 people and bad Securing household waste
behavior were 35 people.
Based on the perception of vulnerability as many as 967 research subjects have good vulnerability
perceptions. A total of 553 subjects had sufficient perceptions of seriousness. A total of 971 subjects
had good perception of benefits. Based on the perception of obstacles 938 research subjects have
less obstacles. As many as 78 people in the study subject have a signal to act well and 860 people in
the study subject have the ability or good self-efficacy.(figure 1)