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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol. 8, No. 6
Publication Date: June 25, 2021
DOI:10.14738/assrj.86.9876. Okon, E. E., Otuza, C. E., & Dada, S. O. (2021). Effect Of Human Resource In Accounting Information System On Management
Decision-Making In Seventh-Day Adventist Institutions In Eastern Nigeria. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 8(6). 117-
129.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Effect Of Human Resource In Accounting Information System On
Management Decision-Making In Seventh-Day Adventist
Institutions In Eastern Nigeria
Edet Eyibio Okon
Clifford University, Owerrinta, Abia State, Nigeria
C. Evans Otuza, PhD
Clifford University, Owerrinta, Abia State, Nigeria
Samuel O. Dada, PhD
Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The constant changes in the business environment, both domestic and
international, have brought about great challenges on management of business
organizations. Despite huge investments in accounting information systems,
several organisations have not realized the full potential benefits of using these
systems because of persistent failures. This study therefore investigated the effect
of human resources in accounting information system on management decision- making in Seventh-day Adventist institutions in Eastern Nigeria Union Conference.
This study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The population of this
study was 250 accounting officers (Management, and General Administration) in
the 24 entities. The sample size was total enumeration of all the 250 employees. A
structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The response
rate was 84.4%. Data was analyzed using inferential statistics (simple linear
regression analysis). The findings revealed that human resources in AIS has a
positive and significant effect on management decision-making in Seventh Day
Adventist Institutions in the Eastern Nigeria. Based on the findings of this study, the
study recommended that institutions should give devoted attention on factors that
will promote human resource development in the institutions, as this is capable of
contributing positively on the management of the organization, which include
informed decision-making.
Keywords: Accounting information system (AIS), Human resource (HR), Management
decision making (MDM), Information systems (IS)
INTRODUCTION
The drive for business sustenance, improvement, development, and expansion in the
contemporary society has called for managers to consider further management strategies
focused at improving decision making in the organizations. One of such strategies is the
installation of accounting information system in the business organizations.
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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal (ASSRJ) Vol. 8, Issue 6, June-2021
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
The constant changes in the business environment, both domestic and international, have
brought about great challenges on management of business organizations (Sinha, 2020;
Shagari, Abdullah, & Saat, 2017). There are increasing high levels of competitions and much
uncertainty. There are challenges in technology and the technological development itself has
linked business activities into a global village. Amidst these challenges, accounting has come to
play a pivot role as the main language of all businesses and organizations (Hummel, & Horisch,
2020). Managers need accounting information on which to base their decisions if they are to
move their businesses forward for greater success. The quality of the decisions taken will
depend on the quality of the accounting information generated from the installed accounting
system (Phornlaphatrachakorn, 2020).
Poor accounting information system in organizations has led to failures in organizations. The
major reason for the collapse of some big corporations across the globe such as Enron,
WorldCom, and AIG were creative accounting and manipulation of financial statements (Dan,
2017; Inanga, & Sen, 2014; Zimbelman, Albrecht, Albrecht, & Albrecht, 2012; Jennings, 2009).
In 2002, Enron, a major energy company, collapsed as a result of manipulation of accounting
figures in relation to share price manipulation. In 2005, AIG was investigated for accounting
fraud and non-adherence to corporate governance issues. As a result of this scandal, the
company lost over $45 billion worth of market capitalization. Dewi, and Hoesada (2020) stated
that the financial statements reported should be understandable, relevant, reliable, and
comparable. When the financial statements is misleading through creative accounting or
earning management it will no longer represent the true and fair view of the financial
performance and position of the reporting entity, which will result in making the various
stakeholders to take erroneous decisions and even suffer economy damages and hardship.
Globally, when financial inappropriateness or corporate failure occurs, auditors and
accountants are usually accused of either guilty of professional negligence of due care, unethical
practice, compromise or collusion. This had been seen in many cases, for example Enron,
WorldCom, Lever Brothers Nigeria, Cadbury and a host of others. Investigations into the
Cadbury corporate fraud indicted Akintola Williams & Deloitte (AWD) of falsifying its financial
and accounting reports by inflating its profit figure by millions of Naira (Salaudeen, Ibikunle, &
Chima, 2015; Akanbi, 2017). Mmadus and Akomolafe (2014) stated that another similar case
to Cadbury's is that of Afribank Nigeria PLC. Afribank's financial reports presented high profits
amid accusation by its former Managing Director that the Board of Directors conspired with its
auditors to cook the books.
Similarly, Eromosele (2015) posit that in Nigeria precisely October 2006, the board of directors
of Cadbury Nigeria Plc. discovered “overstatement” in its accounts, which spanned for many
years. The company lost N15 billion as a result of the financial manipulation. In 2009, several
CEOs of banks in Nigeria were sacked as a result of manipulation of financial figures, share price
manipulation, non-adherence to corporate governance codes and distortion of the financial
statement (Okpo, 2020).
An accounting system is effective when it automatically calls management attention to the areas
that needs investigation.At the same time, management need to exploit the accounting
information in their operations, decision-making, and execution, without which even the best- designed strategies become useless (Lingga, 2020). Accounting Information System (AIS) is
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Okon,E. E., Otuza, C. E., & Dada, S. O. (2021). Effect Of Human Resource In Accounting Information System On Management Decision-Making In
Seventh-Day Adventist Institutions In Eastern Nigeria. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 8(6). 117-129.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.86.9876
vital to the survival of all organizations, be it profit or non-profit. It is useful for organizing,
planning, executing, and controlling of business operations. Accounting plays a role of score- keeping, attention directing and problem solving. In general, accounting information is useful
both for internal users and the external users or the general public in their various decisions.
According to Lingga, (2020), Accounting Information System is vital to all organizations and
perhaps, every organization whether profit or non-profit, needs to maintain an accounting
information system as no organization is exempted from decision-making in their operations.
Management decision making in a firm may be deficient and ineffective in addressing routine
administration and core financial policy issues that could lead to development, growth and
positive business performance, if the accounting information system of the firm is ineffective.
Accounting Information System (AIS) is pivotal in modern organizations for planning,
organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling organizations towards achieving the stipulated
goals and objectives of the firm. Most firms have been able to improve the AIS with the latest
accounting packages for day-to-day activities of the firm (Ngwenya, Chishiri, & Ncube, 2014).
In an increasingly information-focused world, commercial, social and even personal decisions
require more reliable, timely and relevant information (Etemad, Wilkinson, & Dana, 2010). The
administrative sciences are replete of many studies related to the accounting information
system. These studies have been conducted in various areas, environments, and countries.
Olaofe-Obasesin (2020) studied effects of accounting information system on organization
performance in Nigeria; Ha (2020) studied the impact of organizational culture on the
accounting information system and operational performance of small and medium sized
enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Lingga (2020) researched on user competency to the
effectiveness of accounting information system in banking sector; Utomo, Suhartono, and
Machmuddah (2020) studied the effect of accounting information systems to facilitate supply
chain management in retail companies in Indonesia; Swalhah (2014) carried out a study
applied to Jordanian banks; another study examined the impact of AIS on the Islamic banks of
Jordan (Alrabei, 2014); Samuel (2013) conducted a study on automobile companies in Kenya;
El-Dalabeeh and Al-Shbiel (2012) did a study at Hospital of King Abdullah University; Soudani
(2012) investigated the usefulness of AIS for effective organizational performance in listed
companies of Dubai financial market. All these studies were conducted in the banking, health
and hospitality industry with paucity of research in faith-based institution; therefore, the need
to fill this gap. It is in light of this that this study investigated the effect of human resources in
AIS on decision making of Seventh-day Adventist institutions in Eastern Nigeria.
Most firms have been able to improve the AIS with the latest accounting packages for day-to- day activities of the firm (Ngwenya, Chishiri, & Neube, 2014). Despite all these packages, there
exist some challenges that have affected the accounting information systems of most firms.
These include inadequate training of employees, lack of proper placement of employees and
departmentalization of duties, inadequacies in the generated financial statements and report,
inability to generate information for varied managers needs, including those facing hostile
business environment, and in managing shortage of resources. These challenges have led to
poor decision making in the several institutional settings (Meiryani, Isa, & Candra, 2020).
In light of the foregoing, the main objective of this study was to examine the effect of human
resources in AIS on management decision-making in Seventh-day Adventist institutions in