How Hard do Women Climb the Ladder?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/abr.111.13572Keywords:
female career advancement, glass ceiling, glass cliff, gender discriminationAbstract
This paper reviews the literature on the glass ceiling and glass cliffs relating to female career enhancement. Two theories relevant to the issue are highlighted and four relevant issues on the predicament of female employees being promoted to the management level are presented. First, the rate of female employees promoted to a higher management position is far below than men. Second, factors that impede their career enhancement vary from personal to the organizational level. Third, women who break the glass ceiling face challenges as a leader. Fourth, this paper reviews the literature on what employers and female individuals could do to improve the situation.
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Copyright (c) 2023 RAHIMAH MOHAMED YUNOS, SYAHRUL AHMAR
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.