WR A descriptive analysis of entrepreneurial female career success determinants on Saudi Arabia along entrepreneurial process
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/abr.711.7436Keywords:
female entrepreneurship, individual factors, environmental factors, quantitative analysis,Abstract
In this research we aim to identify factors which can contribute to the development of female entrepreneurship. We enumerate these factors in order to stimulate this phenomenon due to its importance for economic development and social development.
After identifying these determinants, we list each according to its relative importance and create a matrix, which shows their interdependence at each level of the development of the entrepreneurial process.
A quantitative approach was adopted to identify and define these determinants. Our research focused on female entrepreneurial careers in Saudi Arabia. An entrepreneurial career is evaluated as successful if it establishes an entrepreneurial project, because our objective is to motivate women to adopt not only an entrepreneurial intention, but an actual entrepreneurial career.
The questionnaire used here was administered to 103 women who had already started an entrepreneurial career. The results show that individual factors are important, but environment factors are more important, especially political factors.
The most important contribution of this study is the matrix it defines, in which every determinant can be used differently based on the different steps in the entrepreneurial process. This can provide policy makers with a tool according to which they can detect the key factors of success.
References
Alhabidi, M (2013). Saudi Women Entrepreneur Over Coming Barriers. A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science and Technology In AL Khober. Arizona State University
Arenius, P. and Minniti, M. (2005). Perceptual Variables and Nascent Entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 233-247.
Basaffar, A (2012). Understanding the entrepreneurial potential of female Saudi Arabian family and consumer sciences students and businesswomen (Doctoral dissertation, order no. 3539336). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global (UMI No. 1095408431).
Berger, E.S.C. & Kuckertz, A. (2016). Female entrepreneurship in startup ecosystems worldwide, Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 5163-5168.
Bird, B., Schjoedt, L. (2009). Entrepreneurial Behavior: Its Nature, Scope, Recent Research, and Agenda for Future Research. In A L, Carsrud, & M. Brännback (Eds.), Understanding the Entrepreneurial Mind: Opening the Black Box, New York, NY: Springer, 327-358.
Brush, C., de Bruin, A. and Welter, F. (2009). A gender‐aware framework for women's entrepreneurship, International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 8-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566260910942318
Brush, C.G., Carter, N.M., Gatewood, E.J., Greene, P.G., & Hart, M.M. (2006). Growth oriented women entrepreneurs and their businesses: A global research perspective. Cheltenham / Northampton, UK: Edward Elgar.
Cole, D.P. (2011). Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from [www.everyculture.com/Sa-Th/Saudi-Arabia.html].
Davidsson, P. (2003). A general theory of entrepreneurship: The individual-opportunity nexus. International Small Business Journal, 22(2), 206-209.
Bruin D., Fischhoff, B. and Parker, A.M. (2007., Individual Differences in Adult Decision Making Competence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.938
Doran, J., McCarthy, N. and O’Connor, M. (2018). The role of entrepreneurship in stimulating economic growth in developed and developing countries. Cogent Economics and Finance, 6, 1-14.
Fallatah, H (2012). Women entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia: Investigating strategies used by successful Saudi women entrepreneurs (Master’s thesis). Lincoln University, New Zealand. Retrieved from [researcharchive.lincoln.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10182/4795/Fallatah_mcm.pdf?sequence=3]
Gnyawali, D.R. and Fogel, D. (1994). Environment for Entrepreneurship Development, Key Dimensions and Research Implications. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18, 43-62.
Heckhausen, J. (2007), The motivation-volition divide and its resolution in action-phase models of developmental regulation, Research in Human Development, 4(3/4), 163-180.
Jamali, D. (2009). Constraints and Opportunities Facing Women Entrepreneurs in Developing Countries: A Relational Perspective. Gender in Management, 24(4), 232-251.
Jennings, J. and McDougald, M. (2007). Work–Family Interface Experiences and Coping Strategies: Implications for Entrepreneurship Research and Practice. The Academy of Management Review, 32(3), 747-760.
Kayed, R., & Hassan, K. (2013). Islamic Entrepreneurship. London: Routledge.
Khurshid, J. & Khan, M.I. (2017). Impact of self-efficacy on women entrepreneurial intention: mediating role of perceived behavior control and moderating role of openness to experience. Journal of Management Science, XI(3), 276-291.
Martin, B.C., Jeffrey, J.M. and Kay, M.J. (2013). Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship: A meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(2), 211-224.
Minkus-McKenna, D. (2009). Women entrepreneurs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Working paper series (UMUC-WP-2009-002). Maryland: University of Maryland College
Sabri, S. (2001). The House of Saud in Commerce. New Delhi: IS Publications Pvt. Ltd.
Scheinberg, S. & MacMillan, I.C. (1988). An 11 Country Study of Motivations to Start a Business. In B. A. Kirchhoff (Ed.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 669-687. Wellesley, Massachusetts: Babson College.
Shane, S. (2003). A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-Opportunity Nexus. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Edgar.
Spencer, R., Brueckner, M., Wise, G. and Marika, B. (2016). Australian indigenous social enterprise: measuring performance. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 10, 397–424.
Steyaert, C. and Katz, J. (2004). Reclaiming the space of entrepreneurship in society: geographical, discursive and social dimensions. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 16(3), 179-196.
Tiwari, S. & Tiwari, A. (2007). Entrepreneurship Development in India. Delhi, India: Sarup & Sons.
Trembly M. (2011). Entrepreneurial Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Cultural Study of University Students in Seven Countries. International Journal of Business, 16(4), 303-315
Valdivia, M. (2013). Business Training Plus for Female Entrepreneurship? Evidence from a Field Experiment in Peru. GRADE Working Paper.
Verheul, I., Van Stel, A.J. & Thurik, A.R. (2006). Explaining female and male entrepreneurship at the country level. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 18(2), 151–183.
Wilson, N. and Martin, L. (2015). Entrepreneurial opportunities for all? Entrepreneurial capability and the capabilities approach. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 16 (3), 159-169.
Arenius, P. and Minniti, M. (2005). Perceptual Variables and Nascent Entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 233-247.
Basaffar, A (2012). Understanding the entrepreneurial potential of female Saudi Arabian family and consumer sciences students and businesswomen (Doctoral dissertation, order no. 3539336). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global (UMI No. 1095408431).
Berger, E.S.C. & Kuckertz, A. (2016). Female entrepreneurship in startup ecosystems worldwide, Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 5163-5168.
Bird, B., Schjoedt, L. (2009). Entrepreneurial Behavior: Its Nature, Scope, Recent Research, and Agenda for Future Research. In A L, Carsrud, & M. Brännback (Eds.), Understanding the Entrepreneurial Mind: Opening the Black Box, New York, NY: Springer, 327-358.
Brush, C., de Bruin, A. and Welter, F. (2009). A gender‐aware framework for women's entrepreneurship, International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 8-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566260910942318
Brush, C.G., Carter, N.M., Gatewood, E.J., Greene, P.G., & Hart, M.M. (2006). Growth oriented women entrepreneurs and their businesses: A global research perspective. Cheltenham / Northampton, UK: Edward Elgar.
Cole, D.P. (2011). Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from [www.everyculture.com/Sa-Th/Saudi-Arabia.html].
Davidsson, P. (2003). A general theory of entrepreneurship: The individual-opportunity nexus. International Small Business Journal, 22(2), 206-209.
Bruin D., Fischhoff, B. and Parker, A.M. (2007., Individual Differences in Adult Decision Making Competence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.938
Doran, J., McCarthy, N. and O’Connor, M. (2018). The role of entrepreneurship in stimulating economic growth in developed and developing countries. Cogent Economics and Finance, 6, 1-14.
Fallatah, H (2012). Women entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia: Investigating strategies used by successful Saudi women entrepreneurs (Master’s thesis). Lincoln University, New Zealand. Retrieved from [researcharchive.lincoln.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10182/4795/Fallatah_mcm.pdf?sequence=3]
Gnyawali, D.R. and Fogel, D. (1994). Environment for Entrepreneurship Development, Key Dimensions and Research Implications. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18, 43-62.
Heckhausen, J. (2007), The motivation-volition divide and its resolution in action-phase models of developmental regulation, Research in Human Development, 4(3/4), 163-180.
Jamali, D. (2009). Constraints and Opportunities Facing Women Entrepreneurs in Developing Countries: A Relational Perspective. Gender in Management, 24(4), 232-251.
Jennings, J. and McDougald, M. (2007). Work–Family Interface Experiences and Coping Strategies: Implications for Entrepreneurship Research and Practice. The Academy of Management Review, 32(3), 747-760.
Kayed, R., & Hassan, K. (2013). Islamic Entrepreneurship. London: Routledge.
Khurshid, J. & Khan, M.I. (2017). Impact of self-efficacy on women entrepreneurial intention: mediating role of perceived behavior control and moderating role of openness to experience. Journal of Management Science, XI(3), 276-291.
Martin, B.C., Jeffrey, J.M. and Kay, M.J. (2013). Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship: A meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(2), 211-224.
Minkus-McKenna, D. (2009). Women entrepreneurs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Working paper series (UMUC-WP-2009-002). Maryland: University of Maryland College
Sabri, S. (2001). The House of Saud in Commerce. New Delhi: IS Publications Pvt. Ltd.
Scheinberg, S. & MacMillan, I.C. (1988). An 11 Country Study of Motivations to Start a Business. In B. A. Kirchhoff (Ed.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 669-687. Wellesley, Massachusetts: Babson College.
Shane, S. (2003). A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-Opportunity Nexus. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Edgar.
Spencer, R., Brueckner, M., Wise, G. and Marika, B. (2016). Australian indigenous social enterprise: measuring performance. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 10, 397–424.
Steyaert, C. and Katz, J. (2004). Reclaiming the space of entrepreneurship in society: geographical, discursive and social dimensions. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 16(3), 179-196.
Tiwari, S. & Tiwari, A. (2007). Entrepreneurship Development in India. Delhi, India: Sarup & Sons.
Trembly M. (2011). Entrepreneurial Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Cultural Study of University Students in Seven Countries. International Journal of Business, 16(4), 303-315
Valdivia, M. (2013). Business Training Plus for Female Entrepreneurship? Evidence from a Field Experiment in Peru. GRADE Working Paper.
Verheul, I., Van Stel, A.J. & Thurik, A.R. (2006). Explaining female and male entrepreneurship at the country level. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 18(2), 151–183.
Wilson, N. and Martin, L. (2015). Entrepreneurial opportunities for all? Entrepreneurial capability and the capabilities approach. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 16 (3), 159-169.
Downloads
Published
2019-12-03
How to Cite
Ragmoun, wided. (2019). WR A descriptive analysis of entrepreneurial female career success determinants on Saudi Arabia along entrepreneurial process . Archives of Business Research, 7(11), 119–129. https://doi.org/10.14738/abr.711.7436
Issue
Section
Articles
